Post office and the sustainability of triangle historical area in Semarang from the traditional era to the colonial era
Abstract
Development of information and communication technology changed mail delivery services in various parts of the world in the twenty centuries. In Java, the increase in postal services as Dutch East Indies government infrastructure) grew along with the construction of the Postweg line (postal road) in 1809–1811. The road networks pass through Jakarta – Semarang, Surabaya, and another small-town facility and now the postal networks became a heritage. The networks of post building in Semarang are unique compared to other big cities in Java. The Dutch East Indies government anticipated the geography of Semarang when they developed the expansion of the town to the south and utilized it by postal services. The government has issued a cultural heritage regulation for buildings and areas, but has not touched the conservation network of heritage. Based on that problem, this paper aimed to reveal Semarang city pattern used post office and infrastructure as a tool for analysing city morphology and suggested to conserve the heritage network. The method used was urban design with the historical approach, the post office location, settlements, road networks, and geographic conditions. The research findings showed that the postal infrastructure formed the sustainability of Semarang city from local-Dutch Indies rule in triangle form. The city’s geographical factor also influenced the city’s layout. The local and colonial city character in this triangle area is still preserved, although some minor changes in the area postweg road. The sustainability city layout from the era of local government – the Dutch East Indies in Semarang by making the city centre of the local government (in the top of the triangle) as the centre of urban design should be input on the heritage regulation as areas conservation.
Keyword : post office, Dutch Indies City, historical method, triangle city formation, Semarang
How to Cite
Rukayah, S., Juwono, S., & Etenia, A. (2022). Post office and the sustainability of triangle historical area in Semarang from the traditional era to the colonial era. Journal of Architecture and Urbanism, 46(1), 20-32. https://doi.org/10.3846/jau.2022.15242
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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Handinoto, H. (1999). Perletakan stasiun kereta api dalam tata ruang kota-kota di Jawa (khususnya Jawa Timur) pada masa kolonial. Dimensi (Journal of Architecture and Built Environment), 27(2), 48–56.
Hartatik, E. S. (2016). Perkembangan jalan raya di Pantai Utara Jawa Tengah sejak Mataram Islam hingga Pemerintahan Daendels. Paramita - Historical Studies Journal, 26(2), 155–165.
Hendro, E. P. (2014). Perkembangan morfologi kota cirebon dari masa kerajaan hingga akhir masa kolonial. Paramita, 24(1), 17–30.
Hendro, E. P. (2015). Pelestarian kawasan konservasi di Kota Semarang. Jurnal Konservasi Cagar Budaya Borobudur, 9(1), 17–28. https://doi.org/10.33374/jurnalkonservasicagarbudaya.v9i1.159
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Kiumarsi, S., Jayaraman, K., & Mohd Isa, S. (2015). Service quality and innovation in Malaysian post offices: An empirical study. Global Business and Organizational Excellence, 35(1), 55–66. https://doi.org/10.1002/joe.21645
Kuntowijoyo, K. (1994). Metodologi sejarah. Tiara Wacana Yogya.
Leiden University Libraries. (1900). KITLV 2771 – Europeanen bij een station, vermoedelijk Djoernatan, te Semarang. http://hdl.handle.net/1887.1/item:789535
Leiden University Libraries. (1905). KK 042-03-01 – Spoor- en tramwegkaart van Java en Madoera. http://hdl.handle.net/1887.1/item:1996979
Leiden University Libraries. (1907). KK 042-01-06 – Stad Semarang. http://hdl.handle.net/1887.1/item:2010740
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Priyantoko, R. Y. (2010). Alun-alun di Pusat Kota Gementee di Pesisir Utara Jawa pada awal Abad XX Masehi. Universitas Indonesia.
Radosavljević, U., Đorđević, A., Lalović, K., Živković, J., & Đukanović, Z. (2019). Nodes and networks: The generative role of cultural heritage for urban revival in Kikinda. Sustainability, 11(9), 2509. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11092509
Rahayu, S. (2017). Konflik rasial antara etnis Tionghoa dan pribumi di Surakarta. Journal of Indonesian History, 6(1), 55–65.
Ratnawati, Y., Sejarah, J., Sosial, F. I., & Semarang, U. N. (2015). Perkembangan perkeretaapian pada masa kolonial di Semarang Tahun 1867-1901. Journal of Indonesian History, 3(2), 65–69.
Roosmalen, P. K. M. van. (2011). Designing colonial cities: The making of modern town planning in the Dutch East Indies and Indonesia 1905-1950. The Newsletter, 57, 7–9.
Rukayah, R. S. (2010). Simbiosis di ruang terbuka Kota Simpang Lima di Kota Semarang [Unpublished Phd dissertation]. Universitas Diponegoro.
Rukayah, R. S., & Abdullah, M. (2021). In searching architecture and city pattern as the mark of old Coastal Semarang, Indonesia. Journal of Architectural Design and Urbanism, 3(2), 72–83. https://doi.org/10.14710/jadu.v3i2.10687
Rukayah, R. S., Bharoto, & Malik, A. (2012). Between colonial, moslem, and post-independence era, which layer of urban patterns should be conserved? Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 68, 775–789. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.12.266
Rukayah, R. S., Dhanang, R., & Endang, S. (2016). Morphology of traditional city center in Semarang: Towards adaptive re- use in urban heritage. Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal, 1(4), 109–118. https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v1i4.91
Rukayah, R. S., Juwono, S., Susilo, S. E. S., & Puguh, D. R. (2019). Post office and traditional city square as city linkage in Java. Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal, 4(10), 126–132. https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v4i10.1624
Rukayah, R. S., & Supriadi, B. (2017). Pasar di sudut tiga koridor lama Semarang sebagai pembentuk place dan lingkage ekonomi. Tataloka, 19(2), 82–92. https://doi.org/10.14710/tataloka.19.2.82-92
Rukayah, R. S., Syafei, W. A., Abdullah, M., & Etenia, A. (2021). The diversity of multi-ethnic dutch area corridors leading to the city square of Semarang, Indonesia. ISVS E-Journal, 8(1), 1–22.
Rukayah, R. S., Vania, S. A., & Yuwono, S. (2020a). Fostering the management of post office building from architectural, heritage and urban design view (Case study: The Solo Post Office, Central Java, Indonesia). Hunian 2019, 195, 144–150. https://doi.org/10.2991/aer.k.200729.023
Rukayah, R. S., Yuwono, S., & Sardjono, A. B. (2020b). The development of the post office cultural heritage in Semarang. Hunian 2019, 195, 28–34. https://doi.org/10.2991/aer.k.200729.005
Saidi, A. I. (2010). Jalan Raya Sebagai Desain Kebudayaan. Jurnal Sosioteknologi, 19 T, 769–781.
Santander, A. A., Garai-Olaun, A. A., & Arana, A. de la F. (2018). Historic urban landscapes: A review on trends and methodologies in the urban context of the 21st century. Sustainability, 10(8), 2603. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10082603
Schirmer, P. M., & Axhausen, K. W. (2016). A multiscale classification of urban morphology. Journal of Transport and Land Use, 9(1), 101–130. https://doi.org/10.5198/jtlu.2015.667
Sumalyo, Y. (1993). Arsitektur kolonial belanda di Indonesia. Gadjah Mada University Press.
Sunaryo, R. G., Soewarno, N., Ikaputra, & Setiawan, B. (2013). Colonial and traditional urban space in Java: A morphological study of ten cities. Dimensi (Journal of Architecture and Built Environment), 40(2), 77–88. https://doi.org/10.9744/dimensi.40.2.77-88
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