Share:


Barriers to the adoption of the internet and selection of e-commerce actions: incidental motivations of micro-entrepreneurs

    Gustavo Barrera Verdugo Affiliation

Abstract

For decades entrepreneurial motivations have been related to entrepreneurial behavior, in areas such as investments or formulation of strategies, however, its link with the adoption of e-commerce in microenterprises has not been explored. Likewise, most of the research on e-commerce has been focused on studying small and medium-sized companies. Consequently, this research aims to assess the relationship of motivations of micro-entrepreneurs when developing their businesses, with the barriers they perceive to adopt the Internet, and the types of e-commerce activities they implement in their companies. In addition, demographic variables are analysed in order to facilitate the categorization of these organizations. Logistic regressions and Chi-square statistics are developed, on data published in the Fifth Micro-Entrepreneurship Survey of Chile. The results obtained show that the motivation for entrepreneurship based on family tradition is related to less Internet adoption and uses for e-commerce; also, it is evidenced that necessity and opportunity-based motivations are positively associated with Internet use for relationship purposes with clients and suppliers. This information is considered relevant in practical terms, since it allows strengthening the use of e-commerce in microenterprises, through the implementation of programs to support microentrepreneurs with incident characteristics, under the financing of governmental entities or private companies.

Keyword : internet barriers, e-commerce uses, micro-enterprises, entrepreneurial motivations, demographic conditions

How to Cite
Barrera Verdugo, G. (2019). Barriers to the adoption of the internet and selection of e-commerce actions: incidental motivations of micro-entrepreneurs. Business: Theory and Practice, 20, 303-316. https://doi.org/10.3846/btp.2019.29
Published in Issue
Aug 26, 2019
Abstract Views
2159
PDF Downloads
1022
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

References

Acs G (2005) Working to make ends meet: understanding the income and expenses of America’s low-income families. The Urban Institute, Assessing the New Federalism Project, Washington, DC.

Acs ZJ, Varga A (2005) Entrepreneurship, agglomeration and technological change. Small business economics 24 (3): 323-334. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-005-1998-4

Agüero A, Pérez P (2010) El uso de Internet de los trabajadores independientes y microempresarios en el Perú. In: Investigación presentada en la Conferencia ACORN-REDECOM.

Alam SS, Noor MKM (2009) ICT adoption in small and medium enterprises: An empirical evidence of service sectors in Malaysia. International Journal of Business and management 4 (2): 112. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v4n2p112

Alburquerque Llorens F (2004) Desarrollo económico local y descentralización en América Latina. Revista de la CEPAL. https://doi.org/10.18356/5a9b65f3-es

Alford P, Page SJ (2015) Marketing technology for adoption by small business. The Service Industries Journal 35 (11-12): 655-669. https://doi.org/10.1080/02642069.2015.1062884

Amit R, Muller E (1995) “Push” and “pull” entrepreneurship. Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship 12 (4): 64-80. https://doi.org/10.1080/08276331.1995.10600505

Anderson W (2017) Factors affecting small & medium enterprises (SMEs) start-up and growth in Tanzania. Pan-African Journal of Business Management 1 (1): 1-26.

Arendt L (2008) Barriers to ICT adoption in SMEs: how to bridge the digital divide? Journal of Systems and Information Technology 10 (2): 93-108. https://doi.org/10.1108/13287260810897738

Arenius P, Minniti M (2005) Perceptual variables and nascent entrepreneurship. Small business economics 24 (3): 233-247. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-005-1984-x

Banco Central de Chile (n.d.). Cuentas Nacionales de Chile: Evolución de la actividad económica tercer trimestre de 2017 www.bcentral.cl/documents/20143/32019/Cuentas-Nacionales_tercer_trimestre2017. pdf/b01f0af1-3285-fcef-e19a-4af0a41c833b

Beane TP, Ennis DM (1987) Market segmentation: a review. European Journal of Marketing 21 (5): 20-42. https://doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000004695

Belás J, Dvorský J, Kubálek J, Smrčka L (2018) Important factors of financial risk in the SME segment. Journal of International Studies 11 (1): 80-92. https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-8330.2018/11-1/6

Belás J, Ključnikov A, Vojtovič S, Sobeková-Májková M (2015) Approach of the SME entrepreneurs to financial risk management in relation to gender and level of education. Economics and Sociology. https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789X.2015/8-4/2

Barrera GA (2017) Relación de Capacitación con Adopción de Internet y E-Commerce: Diferencias entre Microemprendedores de Chile. Información tecnológica 28 (6): 61-70. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-07642017000600008

Benito-Hernández S, Platero-Jaime M, Rodríguez-Duarte A (2012) Factores determinantes de la innovación en las microempresas españolas: La importancia de los factores internos. Universia Business Review (33).

Bianchi C, Mathews S (2016) Internet marketing and export market growth in Chile. Journal of Business Research 69 (2): 426-434. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.06.048

Blanco Lora I, Segarra-Oña M (2014) Estudio exploratorio del uso del e-marketing como una estrategia para micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas de servicios. Revista PUENTE Científica 7 (2).

Bosma N, Levie J (2009) Global Entrepreneurship Monitor: 2009 Global Report. London: Global Entrepreneurship Monitor Consortium.

Cecere A, Acatitla E (2016) El comercio electrónico (e-commerce): una posible ventana de oportunidad para las firmas en los países en vías de desarrollo. Revista Internacional de Investigación y Docencia 1 (1): 12.

CEPAL (2016) Estado de la banda ancha en América Latina y el Caribe 2016 https://repositorio.cepal.org/bitstream/handle/11362/40528/6/S1601049_es.pdf

Cerón Bracamontes M, Azpeitia Torres ER, Tapia Rivera JC, Rivera Espinoza M (2018) Las tecnologías de la información y comunicación en las micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas en el sur de jalisco. Revista Global de Negocios 6 (1): 1-13.

Chatzoglou P, Chatzoudes D (2016) Factors affecting e-business adoption in SMEs: an empirical research. Journal of Enterprise Information Management 29 (3): 327-358. https://doi.org/10.1108/jeim-03-2014-0033

Coleman S (2000) Access to capital and terms of credit: A comparison of men-and women-owned small businesses. Journal of small business management 38 (3): 37.

Cueva ÁR (2012) Aprende a emprender: Universidad y emprendimiento. Revista de estudios de juventud (99): 69-87.

De Sena A (2014) Promoción de microemprendimentos y políticas sociales: ¿Universalidad, focalización o masividad?, Una discusión no acabada. Pensamento Plural (8): 37-63.

Denby EH (1989) Psychographics revisited: The birth of a technique. Marketing News, Jan 2: 21.

Devins D (2009) Enterprise in deprived areas: What role for start-ups? International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business 8 (4): 486-498. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJESB.2009.025694

Dueñas PPM, Franco JJMT, Fernández JL (2018) La comunicación en las empresas de distribución alimentaria en España: un análisis de las herramientas online y offline. Revista de la SEECI 22 (45): 55-73. https://doi.org/10.15198/seeci.2018.45.55-73

Duman L, Bedük A, Köylüoğlu AS, Ay K (2015) Entrepreneurship culture at SMEs: A case study in Konya. Procedia-social and behavioral sciences 207: 492-501. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.10.119

Durán M, Ignacio M (2015) Factores críticos en la adopción de las tecnologías de la información en microempresas del rubro talleres mecánicos de la comuna de Chillán (tesis de pregrado). Facultad de Ciencias Empresariales Contador Público y Auditor, Universidad de Bío Bío, Chile.

Eniola AA (2018) Entrepreneur-SME Manager Traits and Sources of Financing. In African Entrepreneurship (pp. 223-259). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73700-3_10

Esmaeilpour M, Hoseini SY, Jafarpour Y (2016) An empirical analysis of the adoption barriers of e-commerce in small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) with implementation of technology acceptance model. The Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce 21 (2).

Espelt NG, Fernández JM, Casellas DV (2000) Patrimonio cultural y turismo: nuevos modelos de promoción vía Internet. Cuadernos de turismo (6): 73-88.

Fillis I, Johansson U, Wagner B (2003) A conceptualisation of the opportunities and barriers to e-business development in the smaller firm. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development 10 (3): 336-344. https://doi.org/10.1108/14626000310489808

Flores M, Ramírez Urquidy M, Aguilar Barceló JG (2016) Microempresas de base social y sus posibilidades de supervivencia. Contaduría y administración 61 (3): 551-567. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cya.2015.04.001

Frank H, Lueger M, Korunka C (2007) The significance of personality in business start-up intentions, start-up realization and business success. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development 19 (3): 227-251. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985620701218387

García-Cabrera AM, García-Soto MG, Durán-Herrera JJ (2017) Motivación por oportunidad del emprendedor einternacionalización de la actividad de la Pyme. Emprendimiento y Negocios Internacionales 2 (2): 6-16. https://doi.org/10.20420/eni.2017.188

Gilmore A, Gallagher D, Henry S (2007) E-marketing and SMEs: operational lessons for the future. European Business Review 19 (3): 234-247. https://doi.org/10.1108/09555340710746482

Gómez EAF, Gómez EIF (2004) Conocimientos y aplicaciones tecnológicas para la dirección comercial. ESIC Editorial.Grilo I, Thurik R (2004) Determinants of entrepreneurship in Europe. Group Entrepreneurship, Growth and Public Policy, MPI, Jena.

Grzegorz S, Robert S (2018) The use of marketing innovations among SMES. Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences 10 (3S): 257-267.

Gupta N, Mirchandani A (2018) Investigating entrepreneurial success factors of women-owned SMEs in UAE. Management Decision 56 (1): 219-232. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-04-2017-0411

Gutiérrez-Leefmans C, Nava-Rogel RM (2016) Mercadotecnia digital y las pequeñas y medianas empresas: revisión de la literatura. Enl@ce: Revista Venezolana de Información, Tecnología y Conocimiento 13 (1): 45-61.

Harindranath G, Dyerson R, Barnes D (2008, June) ICT in small firms: factors affecting the adoption and use of ICT in Southeast England SMEs. In ECIS (pp. 889-900).

Henry C, Hill F, Leitch C (2017) Entrepreneurship education and training: the issue of effectiveness: the issue of effectiveness. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315197227

Huang B, Shaban M, Song Q, Wu Y (2018) E-commerce development and entrepreneurship in the People’s Republic of China (No. 827). ADBI Working Paper Series.

Huaroto CA (2012) Efecto de la adopción de Internet en la productividad: Evidencia desde una muestra de microem-presas en el Perú. In Actas de la VI Conferencia ACORN-REDECOM, Valparaíso (Chile) (pp. 17-18).

Ihlström Eriksson C, Kalling T, Åkesson M, Fredberg T (2008) Business Models for M-Service – exploring the e-newspaper case from a consumer view. Journal of Electronic Commerce in Organizations 6 (2). https://doi.org/10.4018/jeco.2008040103

Johnson M (2010) Barriers to innovation adoption: a study of e-markets. Industrial Management & Data Systems 110 (2): 157-174. https://doi.org/10.1108/02635571011020287

Jones C, Motta J, Alderete MV (2016) Gestión estratégica de tecnologías de información y comunicación y adopción del comercio electrónico en Mipymes de Córdoba, Argentina. Estudios Gerenciales 32 (138): 4-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.estger.2015.12.003

Jones P, Beynon-Davies P, Muir E (2003) Ebusiness barriers to growth within the SME sector. Journal of Systems and Information Technology 7 (1/2): 1-25. https://doi.org/10.1108/13287260380000771

Kantis H, Ishida M, Komori M (2002) Empresarialidad en economías emergentes: Creación y desarrollo de nuevas empresas en América Latina y el Este de Asia. Inter-American Development Bank.

Kickul J, Wilson F, Marlino D, Barbosa SD (2008) Are misalignments of perceptions and self-efficacy causing gender gaps inentrepreneurial intentions among our nation’s teens? Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development 15 (2): 321-335. https://doi.org/10.1108/14626000810871709

Kirkwood J (2009) Motivational factors in a push-pull theory of entrepreneurship. Gender in Management: An International Journal 24 (5): 346-364. https://doi.org/10.1108/17542410910968805

Koh HC (1996) Testing hypotheses of entrepreneurial characteristics. Journal of Managerial Psychology 11 (3): 12-25. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683949610113566

Kozubíková L, Homolka L, Kristalas D (2017) The effect of business environment and entrepreneurs’ gender on perception of financial risk in the smes sector. Journal of Competitiveness. https://doi.org/10.7441/joc.2017.01.03

Kuratko DF, Hornsby JS, Naffziger DW (1997) An examination of owner’s goals in sustaining entrepreneurship. Journal of small business management 35 (1): 24.

Laudon KC, Laudon JP (2008) Sistemas de Información Gerencial-Administración de la empresa digital (10ma Ed). México, DF.

Laukkanen M (2000) Exploring alternative approaches in high-level entrepreneurship education: creating micromechanisms for endogenous regional growth. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development 12 (1): 25-47. https://doi.org/10.1080/089856200283072

Lawrence JE, Tar UA (2010) Barriers to e-commerce in developing countries. Information, Society and Justice Journal 3 (1): 23-35.

Liñán F, Fernández J, Martínez-Román JA (2016) Entrepreneurship education in Andalusia. An embedded approach. Journal for Educators, Teachers and Trainers 6 (2).

Machmud S, Sidharta I (2016) Entrepreneurial motivation and business performance of SMEs in the SUCI clothing center, Bandung, Indonesia. DLSU Business & Economics Review 25 (2).

Matos CS, Amaral M, Baptista R (2018) Senior Entrepreneurship: A Selective Review and a Research Agenda. Foundations and Trends® in Entrepreneurship 14 (5): 427-554. https://doi.org/10.1561/0300000084

McClelland DC (1961) The achieving society. Princeton, NJ: D. Van Norstrand Company. Inc., 1961. https://doi.org/10.1037/14359-000

Mele N (2013) The end of big business: Being big used to be a competitive advantage, but the proliferation of digital technology means small businesses will be the champions of tomorrow. Billboard 125 (21): 17.

Messeghem K (2003) Strategic entrepreneurship and managerial activities in SMEs. International Small Business Journal 21 (2): 197-212. https://doi.org/10.1177/0266242603021002004

Ministry of Economy, Development and Tourism of Chile (n.d) Quinta Encuesta de Microemprendimiento de Chile (EME5) http://www.economia.gob.cl/2018/02/13/quinta-encuesta-de-microemprendimiento-eme5.htm, revisado en abril de 2018

Ministry of Economy, Development and Tourism of Chile (2016) Informe de resultados: El microemprendedor en Chile – Cuarta encuesta de microemprendimiento 2015 http://www.economia.gob.cl/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/Informe-de-resultados-elmicroemprendedor-en-Chile.pdf

Moreno JDJ (2013) Análisis de los factores que influyen en la intención emprendedora de los estudiantes universitarios. Caracciolos 1 (1).

Nasco SA, Toledo EG, Mykytyn Jr PP (2008) Predicting electronic commerce adoption in Chilean SMEs. Journal of Business Research 61 (6): 697-705. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2007.06.047

Nikunen T, Saarela M, Oikarinen EL, Muhos M, Isohella L (2017). Micro-Enterprise’s digital marketing tools for building customer relationships. Management (18544223) 12(2). https://doi.org/10.26493/1854-4231.12.171-188

O’Regan N, Sims M, Ghobadian A (2005) High performance: ownership and decision-making in SMEs. Management Decision 43 (3): 382-396. https://doi.org/10.1108/00251740510589760

Orser BJ, Riding A (2018) The influence of gender on the adoption of technology among SMEs. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business 33 (4): 514-531. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJESB.2018.090341

Pascucci F, Cardinali S, Gigliarano C, Gregori GL (2017) Internet adoption and usage: evidence from Italian micro enterprises. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business 30 (2): 259-280. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJESB.2017.081440

Pessoa de Matos M, Arroio A (2011) Políticas de apoyo a micro y pequeñas empresas en Brasil: avances recientes y perspectivas. En: Apoyando a las pymes: políticas de fomento en América Latina y el Caribe. Santiago: CEPAL, 2011 (pp. 77-164). LC/R. 2180.

Platero-Jaime M, Benito-Hernández S, Rodríguez-Duarte A (2017) The moderator effect of training in the adoption of ICT in microenterprises. Cuadernos de Gestión 17 (2). https://doi.org/10.5295/cdg.150539mp

Porter ME (1980) Competitive strategy. Techniques for analayzing industries and competitors, The Fress Press, Nueva York.

Rahayu R, Day J (2015) Determinant factors of e-commerce adoption by SMEs in developing country: evidence from Indonesia. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences 195: 142-150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.06.423

Reynolds PD, Bygrave W, Autio E, y Hay M (2002) Global Entrepreneur-ship Monitor. 2002 Summary Report. Ewin Marion Kauffman Foundation, Kansas City.

Rodríguez Ramírez A (2008) El emprendimento en Colombia. Entramado 4 (2).

Rose G, Khoo H, Straub DW (1999) Current technological impediments to business-to-consumer electronic commerce. Communications of the AIS 1 (5es): 1. https://doi.org/10.17705/1CAIS.00116

Saavedra García ML, Tapia Sánchez B (2013) El uso de las tecnologías de información y comunicación TIC en las micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas (MIPyME) industriales mexicanas. Enl@ce: Revista Venezolana de Información, tecnología y conocimiento 10 (1).

Sánchez P (2012) Comunicación y atención al cliente. Editex.

Sandberg KW, Håkansson F (2014). Barriers to adapt eCommerce by rural microenterprises in Sweden: a case study. International Journal of Knowledge and Research in Management and E-Commerce 4 (1): 1-7.

Shah A, Patel R (2016) E-Commerce and rural handicraft artisans. Tourism, leisure and Global change 1 (1): 10, 24.

Sin Tan K, Choy Chong S, Lin B, Cyril Eze U (2010) Internet-based ICT adoption among SMEs: Demographic versus benefits, barriers, and adoption intention. Journal of enterprise information management 23 (1): 27-55. https://doi.org/10.1108/17410391011008897

Singh M (2002) E-services and their role in B2C e-commerce. Managing Service Quality: An International Journal 12 (6): 434-446. https://doi.org/10.1108/09604520210451911

Sirec K, Mocnik D (2010) How entrepreneurs’ personal characteristics affect SMES’ growth. Nase Gospodarstvo: NG 56 (1/2): 3.

Stephan U, Hart M, Mickiewicz T, Drews CC (2015) Understanding motivations for entrepreneurship. BIS Research paper, 212.

Stephan U, Hart M, Drews CC (2015) Understanding motivations for entrepreneurship: A review of recent research evidence. Enterprise Research Centre and Aston Business School, Birmingham, UK.

Tarutė A, Gatautis R (2014) ICT impact on SMEs performance. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences 110: 1218-1225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.968

Teo TS (2001) Demographic and motivation variables associated with Internet usage activities. Internet Research 11 (2): 125-137. https://doi.org/10.1108/10662240110695089

Weber P, Schaper M (2004) Understanding the grey entrepreneur. Journal of enterprising culture 12 (02): 147-164. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218495804000087

Werner A, Schröder C, Chlosta S (2018) Driving factors of innovation in family and non-family SMEs. Small Business Economics 50 (1): 201-218. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-017-9884-4

Wilson KE (2008) Entrepreneurship education in Europe. Entrepreneurship and Higher Education.

Yalcin S, Kapu H (2008) Entrepreneurial dimensions in transitional economies: A review of relevant literature and the case of Kyrgyzstan. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship 13 (02): 185-204. https://doi.org/10.1142/S1084946708000922

Yu H, Cui L (2019) China’s E-Commerce: empowering rural women? The China Quarterly, 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0305741018001819

Zali MR, Faghih N, Ghotbi S, Rajaie S (2013) The effect of necessity and opportunity driven entrepreneurship on business growth. International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences 7 (2): 100-108.

Zwillenberg P, Field D, Dean D (2014) The connected world: Greasing the wheels of the Internet economy. Boston Consulting Group.